Rahoton Tesla na 2021 Q3 ya sanar da canzawa zuwa baturan LiFePO4 a matsayin sabon ma'auni a cikin motocin sa.Amma menene ainihin batirin LiFePO4?
NEW YORK, NEW YORK, Amurka, Mayu 26, 2022 /EINPresswire.com/ - Shin su ne mafi kyawun madadin batir Li-Ion?Ta yaya waɗannan batura suka bambanta da sauran batura?
Gabatarwa ga Batura LiFePO4
Baturin lithium iron phosphate (LFP) baturi ne na lithium-ion mai saurin caji da adadin caji.Baturi ne mai caji tare da LiFePO4 azaman cathode da lantarki mai hoto mai hoto tare da goyan bayan ƙarfe azaman anode.
Batura LiFePO4 suna da ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari fiye da batirin lithium-ion da ƙananan ƙarfin aiki.Suna da ƙarancin fitarwa tare da lanƙwasa lebur kuma sun fi Li-ion aminci.Waɗannan batura kuma ana kiran su da batir lithium ferrophosphate.
Ƙirƙirar batirin LiFePO4
LiFePO4 BaturiJohn B. Goodenough da Arumugam Manthiram ne suka kirkiro.Sun kasance daga cikin na farko da suka gano kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin batir lithium-ion.Abubuwan anode ba su dace da batir lithium-ion ba saboda halayensu na gajeriyar kewayawa da wuri.
Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa kayan cathode sun fi kyau idan aka kwatanta da cathodes na baturi na lithium-ion.Wannan sananne ne musamman a cikin bambance-bambancen baturi na LiFePO4.Suna haɓaka kwanciyar hankali da haɓakawa da haɓaka wasu fannoni daban-daban.
A kwanakin nan, ana samun batirin LiFePO4 a ko'ina kuma suna da aikace-aikace iri-iri, gami da amfani da su a cikin jiragen ruwa, tsarin hasken rana, da motoci.Batura LiFePO4 ba su da cobalt kuma ba su da tsada fiye da yawancin madadin.Ba shi da guba kuma yana da tsawon rai.
Ƙayyadaddun Batirin LFP
Source
Ayyukan Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi a cikin Batura LFP
Batura na LFP sun ƙunshi fiye da kawai ƙwayoyin da aka haɗa;suna da tsarin da ke tabbatar da tsayawar baturi cikin iyakoki mai aminci.Tsarin sarrafa baturi (BMS) yana kiyayewa, sarrafawa, da saka idanu akan baturin ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki don tabbatar da aminci da tsawaita rayuwar baturi.
Ayyukan Tsarin Gudanar da Baturi a cikin Batura LFP
Duk da cewa ƙwayoyin phosphate na baƙin ƙarfe na lithium sun fi haƙuri, duk da haka suna da wuyar yin amfani da wutar lantarki yayin caji, wanda ke rage yawan aiki.Kayan da aka yi amfani da shi don cathode na iya yuwuwar lalacewa kuma ya rasa kwanciyar hankali.BMS yana daidaita fitowar kowane tantanin halitta kuma yana tabbatar da cewa ana kiyaye iyakar ƙarfin baturi.
Yayin da kayan lantarki ke raguwa, Ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki ya zama damuwa mai tsanani.Idan kowane irin ƙarfin lantarkin tantanin halitta ya faɗi ƙasa da wani kofa, BMS yana cire haɗin baturin daga kewaye.Hakanan yana aiki azaman taswirar baya a cikin yanayin da ya wuce kima kuma zai rufe aikinsa yayin gajeriyar kewayawa.
LiFePO4 Batura vs. Lithium-Ion Baturi
Batirin LiFePO4 ba su dace da na'urori masu sawa kamar agogo ba.Suna da ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari fiye da kowane baturan lithium.Koyaya, sune mafi kyawun tsarin makamashin hasken rana, RVs, keken golf, kwale-kwalen bass, da babura na lantarki.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin waɗannan batura shine rayuwar zagayowar su.
Waɗannan batura za su iya wuce fiye da 4x fiye da sauran.Sun fi aminci kuma suna iya kaiwa zuwa zurfin 100% na fitarwa, wanda ke nufin ana iya amfani da su na tsawon lokaci.
A ƙasa akwai wasu dalilan da ya sa waɗannan batura sun fi dacewa da baturan Li-ion.
Maras tsada
Ana yin batir LFP daga baƙin ƙarfe da phosphorus, ana hako su akan sikeli mai girma, kuma ba su da tsada.An ƙiyasta farashin batir LFP ya kai kashi 70 cikin 100 ƙasa da kilogiram fiye da batir NMC masu arzikin nickel.Abubuwan sinadaran sa suna ba da fa'idar farashi.Mafi ƙanƙantar farashin salula na batir LFP sun faɗi ƙasa da $100/kWh a karon farko a cikin 2020.
Karamin Tasirin Muhalli
Batirin LFP ba su ƙunshi nickel ko cobalt ba, waɗanda suke da tsada kuma suna da babban tasirin muhalli.Ana iya caji waɗannan batura waɗanda ke nuna ƙawancinsu.
Ingantattun Ƙwarewa da Ayyuka
An san batir LFP don tsawon rayuwarsu, yana mai da su mashahurin zaɓi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar abin dogaro da daidaiton wutar lantarki akan lokaci.Waɗannan batura suna samun ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki fiye da sauran baturan lithium-ion, wanda ke taimakawa wajen adana ayyukansu na dogon lokaci.Bugu da ƙari, suna da ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki, yana haifar da ƙarancin juriya na ciki da saurin caji/fitarwa.
Ingantattun Tsaro da Kwanciyar Hankali
Batura na LFP suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da ƙarfi, don haka ba su da yuwuwar fashewa ko kama wuta.LFP yana samar da kashi ɗaya cikin shida na zafin NMC mai arzikin nickel.Saboda haɗin Co-O ya fi ƙarfi a cikin batir LFP, ana fitar da kwayoyin oxygen a hankali a hankali idan gajeriyar kewayawa ko zafi.Bugu da ƙari kuma, babu lithium da ya rage a cikin sel masu caji, yana mai da su juriya sosai ga asarar iskar oxygen idan aka kwatanta da halayen exothermic da aka gani a cikin sauran ƙwayoyin lithium.
Karami kuma Mai Sauƙi
Batura LFP sun kusan 50% haske fiye da batir oxide oxide na lithium.Sun fi batiran gubar-acid wuta har zuwa 70%.Lokacin da kake amfani da baturin LiFePO4 a cikin abin hawa, kuna amfani da ƙarancin iskar gas kuma kuna da ƙarin motsi.Su kuma ƙanana ne kuma ƙanƙanta, suna ba ku damar adana sarari akan babur ɗinku, jirgin ruwa, RV, ko aikace-aikacen masana'antu.
Batura LiFePO4 vs. Baturai marasa Lithium
Batura marasa lithium suna da fa'idodi da yawa amma ana iya maye gurbinsu a tsakiyar lokaci idan aka yi la'akari da yuwuwar sabbin batir LiFePo4 kamar yadda tsoffin fasahar ke da tsada kuma ba ta da inganci.
Batirin gubar Acid
Batirin gubar-acid na iya zama kamar suna da tsada a farko, amma sun ƙare sun fi tsada a cikin dogon lokaci.Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa suna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa da sauyawa.Batirin LiFePO4 zai šauki sau 2-4 ba tare da buƙatar kulawa ba.
Gel Baturi
Batirin gel, kamar batirin LiFePO4, baya buƙatar caji akai-akai kuma kar a rasa caji yayin da ake adanawa.Amma batirin gel suna caji a hankali.Suna buƙatar cire haɗin su da zaran an cika su don guje wa lalacewa.
Batirin AGM
Yayin da batirin AGM ke cikin haɗari mai girma na lalacewa a ƙasa da ƙarfin 50%, ana iya fitar da batir LiFePO4 gaba ɗaya ba tare da haɗarin lalacewa ba.Hakanan, yana da wahala a kiyaye su.
Aikace-aikace don batirin LiFePO4
Batura LiFePO4 suna da aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci da yawa, gami da
Kwale-kwalen Kamun kifi da Kayak: Kuna iya ciyar da ƙarin lokaci akan ruwa tare da ƙarancin caji da lokacin gudu.Ƙananan nauyi yana ba da sauƙin sarrafawa da saurin gudu yayin gasar kamun kifi mai girma.
Motsin motsi da mopeds: Babu mataccen nauyi da zai rage ku.Yi cajin baturin ku zuwa ƙasa da cikakken ƙarfi don tafiye-tafiye na kwatsam ba tare da lahanta shi ba.
Saitunan hasken rana: Ɗauki batura LiFePO4 masu nauyi a duk inda rayuwa ta ɗauke ku (ko da saman dutse ko a kan grid) don amfani da ikon rana.
Amfani da kasuwanci: Waɗannan su ne mafi aminci, batir lithium mafi ƙarfi wanda ya sa su dace don aikace-aikacen masana'antu kamar injin bene, ɗagawa, da ƙari.
Bugu da ƙari, batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe yana ƙarfafa wasu na'urori da yawa kamar fitilun walƙiya, sigari na lantarki, kayan aikin rediyo, hasken gaggawa, da sauran abubuwa.
Yiwuwa don Aiwatar da Sikelin LFP
Yayin da batura LFP ba su da tsada kuma sun fi kwanciyar hankali fiye da hanyoyin da za a bi, yawan kuzari ya kasance babban shinge ga ɗaukaka.Batura LFP suna da ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari sosai, suna tsakanin 15 zuwa 25%.Koyaya, wannan yana canzawa ta amfani da na'urori masu kauri kamar waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin Model 3 na Shanghai, wanda ke da ƙarfin ƙarfin 359Wh/lita.
Saboda tsawon rayuwar batirin LFP, suna da ƙarin ƙarfi fiye da batirin Li-ion masu nauyi.Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙarfin ƙarfin waɗannan batura zai zama kama da lokaci.
Wani shamaki na karɓowa jama'a shine cewa China ta mamaye kasuwa saboda kashe haƙƙin mallaka na LFP.Yayin da waɗannan haƙƙin mallaka suka ƙare, akwai hasashe cewa samar da LFP, kamar kera abin hawa, za a koma gida.
Manyan masu kera motoci kamar Ford, Volkswagen, da Tesla suna ƙara amfani da fasahar ta hanyar maye gurbin na'urorin nickel ko cobalt.Sanarwar kwanan nan ta Tesla a cikin sabuntawar kwata-kwata shine farkon kawai.Tesla kuma ya ba da taƙaitaccen sabuntawa akan fakitin baturi 4680, wanda zai sami mafi girman ƙarfin kuzari da kewayo.Yana yiwuwa kuma Tesla zai yi amfani da ginin “cell-to-pack” don tara ƙarin sel da kuma ɗaukar ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari.
Duk da shekarun sa, LFP da rage farashin batir na iya zama mahimmanci wajen haɓaka ɗaukar EV ɗin taro.Nan da 2023, ana sa ran farashin lithium-ion zai kusan $100/kWh.LFPs na iya baiwa masu kera motoci damar jaddada abubuwa kamar dacewa ko lokacin caji maimakon farashi kawai.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-10-2022