Kasar Sin na ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi: manazarta
Tafkunan Brine a wurin ma'adinan Lithium na gida a Calama, yankin Antofagasta, Chile.Hoto: VCG
A cikin ci gaban duniya na sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi don rage hayakin carbon, batir lithium da ke ba da damar yin amfani da makamashi mai inganci ya zama sananne a masana'antu ya bambanta daga wayoyin hannu zuwa motocin lantarki (EVs).
Argentina, Bolivia, da Chile, ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka masu samar da lithium na "ABC", an ruwaito sun yi la'akari da manufofin haɗin gwiwa don saita farashin siyar da ma'adinan ta hanyar ƙawance mai kama da Ƙungiyar Kasashen Masu Fitar da Man Fetur (OPEC), shafin yanar gizon cankaoxiaoxi. com ya ruwaito a karshen mako, yana ambaton rahoto daga Agencia EFE.
Rahoton ya ce fatan dai shi ne yin tasiri kan farashin lithium kamar yadda kungiyar OPEC ta tsara matakan hakowa don yin tasiri ga farashin danyen mai.
Haka kuma, ministocin kasashen uku suna son cimma matsaya kan farashi da daidaita hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki, da kuma tsara ka'idojin da za a bi wajen magance ci gaban masana'antu, kimiyya da fasaha, in ji rahoton.
Ƙarin tsayayye farashin
Makasudin hadakar lithium shine don kaucewa sauyin farashin, wanda ke da babban tasiri ga masu samar da lithium, in ji Zhang Xiang, wani jami'in bincike a cibiyar bincike kan kirkire-kirkire masana'antar kera motoci na jami'ar fasaha ta Arewacin kasar Sin, ya shaidawa jaridar Global Times ranar Lahadi.
Wata kila kawancen OPEC mai kama da lithium zai iya taka rawa wajen daidaita farashin albarkatun lithium, Chen Jia, wani jami'in bincike mai zaman kansa kan dabarun kasa da kasa, ya shaida wa Global Times ranar Lahadi.
A cewar Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA), sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi za a iya raba kusan kashi biyar: hakar ma'adinai, sarrafa kayan aiki, sassan tantanin halitta, ƙwayoyin baturi da samarwa kamar kera EVs.
Ƙungiyoyin za su yi tasiri kai tsaye a kan haɓakar sababbin masana'antun makamashi - ma'adinai, in ji manazarta.Kasashen Argentina, Bolivia, da Chile ne ke da kusan kashi 65 cikin 100 na albarkatun lithium da aka tabbatar a duniya, tare da samar da ya kai kashi 29.5 na jimillar kudaden duniya a shekarar 2020, a cewar rahotannin kafafen yada labarai.
Amma, kasar Sin ita ce ke kan gaba a cikin sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi, a cewar IEA.Batir da ma'adinan samar da ma'adanai na yau sun zagaye kasar Sin.Kasar Sin tana samar da kashi 75 cikin 100 na dukkan batirin lithium-ion a duniya.Yayin da kasar Sin ta kasance babban mai amfani da ma'adinin lithium, tana shigo da kashi 65 cikin 100 na kayan abinci na lithium.Kimanin kashi 6 cikin 100 na kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su na lithium carbonate na kasar Sin sun fito ne daga kasar Chile da kashi 37 cikin dari daga Argentina, a cewar rahotannin kafofin yada labarai.
Don haka, manazarta sun kuma bayyana cewa, yayin da kawancen lithium zai iya taimakawa wajen daidaita farashi da samar da kayayyaki, karin hadin gwiwa da hadin gwiwar masana'antu, musamman ma kasar Sin, na taimakawa wajen tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a fannin samar da kayayyaki da sarkar masana'antu a duniya.
Haɗin kai sarkar samarwa
Duk da cewa batirin lithium shine babban jigon batirin EV da sabbin makamashi (NEV), farashin lithium zai ragu da zarar wasu nau'ikan batura suka fara mamaye kasuwa, in ji Zhang.
“Ƙungiyar na iya shiga tattaunawa kai tsaye tare da kamfanonin EV da NEV, kuma bangarorin biyu na iya yin shawarwari ba kawai farashin ba;amma kuma hanyoyin ci gaba da bukatu na fasaha na batirin lithium a nan gaba,” in ji Zhang.
Manazarta sun ce, kasar Sin, a matsayinta na kasa mafi girma wajen samarwa da kasuwar sayar da kayayyaki ta NEV tsawon shekaru, za ta samar da damammakin hadin gwiwa sosai.Ya zuwa shekarar 2025, ana hasashen kasar Sin za ta sayar da NEVs miliyan 7.5, wanda ya kai kashi 48 cikin 100 na kasuwar duniya, a cewar hukumar ta IEA.
Manazarta sun yi nuni da cewa, hadin gwiwa tsakanin kasashen Argentina, Bolivia da Chile da kasar Sin na da matukar muhimmanci, kasancewar kasashen uku ne ke da kashi 30 cikin 100 na samar da lithium a duniya, yayin da Ostiraliya ke da mafi yawan hannun jari.
Lithium yawanci ana hakowa daga gidajen gishiri na Kudancin Amurka ta hanyar zubar da brine cikin tafkuna sannan sarrafa lithium, wanda ke yin kyalkyali lokacin da ruwa ya ƙafe.Ana daukar lokaci da saka hannun jari wajen gina ababen more rayuwa, inda kasar Sin za ta kasance abokiyar hulda ta dogon lokaci, in ji manazarta.
Kawancen hadakar lithium, idan aka samu nasarar kafu, za ta iya juyar da ikon da kasashen Yamma suka yi da kuma murkushe kasashe masu arzikin lithium, idan aka yi la'akari da matsayin da kasashen uku ke rike da su, in ji Chen.
Amma akwai rashin tabbas game da kafa kawancen farashin lithium, manazarta sun yi gargadin.
“A halin yanzu, albarkatun lithium ba su kai ma’aunin nauyi na albarkatun man fetur ba.A halin da ake ciki, rikicin makamashi na baya-bayan nan ya hana ci gaban duniya na sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi a cikin gajeren lokaci," in ji Chen.
A cewar jami'in binciken, akwai cikas na fasaha a aikace don daidaita manufofin samarwa da masana'antu a cikin kasashen uku.Ba shi da sauƙi a daidaita ƙarfin samarwa tare da ci gaban fasaha, kamar a cikin OPEC.
Ko da za a iya daidaita kawancen lithium, nan da nan ba za ta iya tantance farashin ma'adinan lithium ba, idan aka yi la'akari da karancin kason da ake fitarwa, in ji Bai Wenxi, babban masanin tattalin arziki na IPG China, ya shaida wa Global Times ranar Lahadi.
Wani ma'aikacin ma'adinan ya ɗauki samfurin ruwa daga wani tafkin brine a wurin hakar ma'adinai na Lithium a Calama, yankin Antofagasta, Chile.Hoto: VCG
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-24-2022