Kedu ihe bụ batrị lithium na kedu ka ha si arụ ọrụ?

Kedu ihe bụ batrị lithium ion, kedu ihe ejiri ya na kedu uru dị na teknụzụ nchekwa batrị ndị ọzọ?

Nke mbụ a tụrụ aro na 1970s wee mepụta ya na azụmaahịa nke Sony na 1991, a na-eji batrị lithium ugbu a na ekwentị mkpanaaka, ụgbọ elu na ụgbọ ala.N'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ uru nke dugara ha n'ịbawanye ihe ịga nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ ume, batrị lithium ion nwere ihe ndọghachi azụ na isiokwu nke na-ebute ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka.

Mana kedu ihe bụ batrị lithium na kedu ka ha si arụ ọrụ?

Kedu ihe ejiri rụọ batrị lithium?

A na-emepụta batrị lithium nke nwere isi ihe anọ.Ọ nwere cathode, nke na-ekpebi ike na voltaji nke batrị ma bụrụ isi iyi nke ion lithium.Ihe anode na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik na-agafe na sekit dị n'èzí na mgbe batrị na-agbanye, a na-echekwa ion lithium na anode.

A na-emepụta electrolyte nke nnu, ihe mgbaze na ihe mgbakwunye, ma na-eje ozi dị ka eriri nke ion lithium n'etiti cathode na anode.N'ikpeazụ, e nwere ihe nkesa, ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ nke na-eme ka cathode na anode dị iche iche.

Uru na ọghọm nke batrị lithium

Batrị lithium nwere ike dị elu karịa batrị ndị ọzọ.Ha nwere ike inwe ruo 150 watt-hours (WH) nke ume kwa kilogram (kg), ma e jiri ya tụnyere nickel-metal hydride batrị na 60-70WH / kg na lead acid na 25WH / kg.

Ha nwekwara ọnụego mwepu dị ala karịa ndị ọzọ, na-efunarị ihe dịka 5% nke ụgwọ ha n'ime otu ọnwa ma e jiri ya tụnyere batrị nickel-cadmium (NiMH) nke na-efunahụ 20% n'ime otu ọnwa.

Agbanyeghị, batrị lithium nwekwara electrolyte na-ere ọkụ nke nwere ike ibute obere ọkụ batrị.Ọ bụ nke a kpatara mgbawa ama ama Samsung Note 7 smartphone combustions, nke manyere Samsung ịkwatu mmepụta natụfuo ijeri $26 na ọnụ ahịa ahịa.Ekwesiri ighota na nke a emebeghi batrị lithium buru ibu.

Batrị lithium-ion dịkwa ọnụ karịa imepụta, n'ihi na ha nwere ike na-eri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 40% karịa imepụta karịa batrị nickel-cadmium.

Ndị asọmpi

Lithium-ion chere asọmpi ihu site na ọtụtụ teknụzụ batrị ọzọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nọ na ọkwa mmepe.Otu ụzọ dị otú ahụ bụ batrị na-arụ ọrụ mmiri nnu.

N'okpuru mmepe nke Aquion Energy, a na-emepụta ha nke mmiri nnu, manganese oxide na owu iji mepụta ihe a na-eji 'ọtụtụ, ihe ndị na-adịghị egbu egbu na usoro mmepụta ihe dị ọnụ ala nke oge a.'N'ihi nke a, ha bụ naanị batrị dị n'ụwa nke enwetara akwụkwọ ikike nwa n'ụlọ.

Yiri teknụzụ Aquion, AquaBattery's 'Blue Battery' na-eji ngwakọta nke nnu na mmiri dị ọhụrụ na-asọfe na membranes iji chekwaa ike.Ụdị batrị ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịgụnye Bristol Robotics Laboratory batrị na-enye mmamịrị na batrị lithium ion nke University of California Riverside nke na-eji ájá kama graphite maka anode, na-eduga na batrị nke dị ike okpukpu atọ karịa ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ.