Akatswiri a pa yunivesite ya California ku San Diego apanga mabatire a lithiamu-ion omwe amagwira ntchito bwino pozizira kozizira komanso kutentha kotentha, kwinaku akunyamula mphamvu zambiri.Ochita kafukufukuwa adakwaniritsa izi mwa kupanga electrolyte yomwe siili yosinthasintha komanso yolimba panthawi yonse ya kutentha, komanso yogwirizana ndi anode yamphamvu kwambiri ndi cathode.
Mabatire osamva kutenthazafotokozedwa mu pepala lofalitsidwa sabata ya Julayi 4 mu Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Mabatire oterowo amatha kulola magalimoto amagetsi m’malo ozizira kuyenda patali pa mtengo umodzi;Angathenso kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa machitidwe ozizira kuti asunge mabatire a magalimoto kuti asatenthedwe m'madera otentha, adatero Zheng Chen, pulofesa wa nanoengineering ku UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering ndi wolemba wamkulu wa phunziroli.
"Mumafunika kutentha kwambiri m'madera momwe kutentha kumafikira katatu ndipo misewu imakhala yotentha kwambiri.M'magalimoto amagetsi, mapaketi a batri amakhala pansi, pafupi ndi misewu yotentha iyi, "adatero Chen, yemwenso ndi membala wa bungwe la UC San Diego Sustainable Power and Energy Center."Komanso, mabatire amatenthetsa chifukwa chokhala ndi mphamvu panthawi yogwira ntchito.Ngati mabatire sangathe kupirira kutentha kumeneku pa kutentha kwakukulu, ntchito yawo idzawonongeka mwamsanga. "
M'mayesero, mabatire otsimikizira-malingaliro adasunga 87.5% ndi 115.9% ya mphamvu zawo pa -40 ndi 50 C (-40 ndi 122 F), motsatana.Analinso ndi mphamvu zapamwamba za Coulombic za 98.2% ndi 98.7% pazitenthazi, motero, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mabatire amatha kuwonjezereka ndi kutulutsa maulendo asanayambe kugwira ntchito.
Mabatire omwe Chen ndi anzawo adapanga onse ndi ozizira komanso olekerera kutentha chifukwa cha electrolyte yawo.Amapangidwa ndi njira yamadzimadzi ya dibutyl ether yosakanikirana ndi mchere wa lithiamu.Chinthu chapadera chokhudza dibutyl ether ndi chakuti mamolekyu ake amamanga mofooka ku lithiamu ion.Mwanjira ina, mamolekyu a electrolyte amatha kusiya ma ion a lithiamu pomwe batire ikuyenda.Kuyanjana kofooka kwa maselo, ofufuzawo adapeza mu kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu, kumathandizira magwiridwe antchito a batri pa kutentha kwapansi pa zero.Kuphatikiza apo, dibutyl ether imatha kutenga kutentha mosavuta chifukwa imakhala yamadzimadzi pakatentha kwambiri (imakhala ndi kuwira kwa 141 C, kapena 286 F).
Kukhazikika kwa lithiamu-sulfur chemistries
Chomwe chilinso chapadera pa electrolyte iyi ndikuti imagwirizana ndi batri ya sulfure ya lithiamu, yomwe ndi mtundu wa batri yowonjezeredwa yomwe ili ndi anode yopangidwa ndi lithiamu zitsulo ndi cathode yopangidwa ndi sulfure.Mabatire a lithiamu-sulfure ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa matekinoloje a batri a m'badwo wotsatira chifukwa amalonjeza kuchulukira kwa mphamvu komanso kutsika mtengo.Amatha kusunga mphamvu kuwirikiza kawiri pa kilogalamu kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion amakono - izi zitha kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi popanda kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa paketi ya batri.Komanso, sulfure ndi yochuluka komanso yocheperako kugwero kuposa cobalt yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabatire amtundu wa lithiamu-ion.
Koma pali mavuto ndi mabatire a lithiamu-sulfure.Onse cathode ndi anode ndi wapamwamba zotakataka.Sulfur cathodes imakhala yotakasuka kwambiri moti imasungunuka panthawi ya batire.Nkhaniyi imakula kwambiri pakatentha kwambiri.Ndipo ma lithiamu zitsulo anode amakonda kupanga zomangira zonga singano zotchedwa dendrites zomwe zimatha kuboola mbali za batri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yochepa.Zotsatira zake, mabatire a lithiamu-sulfure amatha mpaka makumi khumi.
"Ngati mukufuna batri yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chemistry yovuta kwambiri," adatero Chen."Mphamvu yayikulu imatanthauza kuti zochita zambiri zikuchitika, zomwe zikutanthauza kukhazikika pang'ono, kuwonongeka kwakukulu.Kupanga batire lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe limakhala lokhazikika ndi ntchito yovuta payokha - kuyesa kuchita izi ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndikovuta kwambiri. ”
Dibutyl ether electrolyte yopangidwa ndi gulu la UC San Diego imalepheretsa izi, ngakhale kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsika.Mabatire omwe adawayesa anali ndi moyo wautali wopalasa njinga kuposa batire ya lithiamu-sulfure."Electrolyte yathu imathandizira kuwongolera mbali zonse za cathode ndi anode pomwe ikupereka mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso kukhazikika kwapakati," adatero Chen.
Gululi linapanganso chitsulo cha sulfure kuti chikhale chokhazikika pochilumikiza ku polima.Izi zimalepheretsa sulfure yambiri kusungunuka mu electrolyte.
Zotsatirazi zikuphatikiza kukulitsa chemistry ya batri, kupangitsa kuti igwire ntchito kutentha kwambiri komanso kukulitsa moyo wozungulira.
Pepala: "Zosankha zosungunulira za mabatire a lithiamu-sulfure osasunthika."Olemba nawo akuphatikizapo Guorui Cai, John Holoubek, Mingqian Li, Hongpeng Gao, Yijie Yin, Sicen Yu, Haodong Liu, Tod A. Pascal ndi Ping Liu, onse ku UC San Diego.
Ntchitoyi idathandizidwa ndi thandizo la Early Career Faculty kuchokera ku NASA's Space Technology Research Grants Program (ECF 80NSSC18K1512), National Science Foundation kudzera ku UC San Diego Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC, grant DMR-2011924), ndi Office of Vehicle Technologies of the US Department of Energy through the Advanced Battery Materials Research Program (Battery500 Consortium, contract DE-EE0007764).Ntchitoyi idachitidwa mbali ina ku San Diego Nanotechnology Infrastructure (SDNI) ku UC San Diego, membala wa National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure, yomwe imathandizidwa ndi National Science Foundation (perekani ECCS-1542148).
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-10-2022