Ba injeniyeri bo muri kaminuza ya Californiya San Diego bakoze bateri ya lithium-ion ikora neza mugukonja gukonje nubushyuhe bukabije, mugihe bapakira ingufu nyinshi.Abashakashatsi bagezeho iki gikorwa batezimbere electrolyte idahuza gusa kandi ikomeye mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ariko kandi ihuza na anode yingufu nyinshi na cathode.
Batteri idashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhebisobanurwa mu mpapuro zasohotse icyumweru cyo ku ya 4 Nyakanga muri Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS).
Batiyeri zishobora kwemerera ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi mubihe bikonje kugenda kure kumurongo umwe;Zheng Chen, umwarimu wa nanoengineering mu ishuri ry’ubwubatsi rya UC San Diego Jacobs akaba n'umwanditsi mukuru w’ubwo bushakashatsi, yatangaje ko bashobora kandi kugabanya ibikenerwa muri sisitemu zo gukonjesha kugira ngo ipaki ya batiri y’imodoka idashyuha cyane.
Ati: “Ukeneye ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ahantu hashobora kuba ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije bushobora kugera ku mibare itatu kandi imihanda ikaba ishyushye.Mu binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, paki za batiri zisanzwe ziri hasi, hafi y’imihanda ishyushye, ”nk'uko Chen yabisobanuye, akaba n'umwarimu w'ikigo cya UC San Diego gishinzwe ingufu n’ingufu.Ati: “Nanone, bateri zirashyuha gusa kubera ko zigenda zikoreshwa mugihe cyo gukora.Niba bateri idashobora kwihanganira ubu bushyuhe mu bushyuhe bwinshi, imikorere yabo izahita yangirika. ”
Mu bizamini, bateri yerekana ibimenyetso yagumanye 87.5% na 115.9% byingufu zabo kuri -40 na 50 C (-40 na 122 F).Bafite kandi ingufu za Coulombic zingana na 98.2% na 98.7% kuri ubu bushyuhe, bivuze ko bateri zishobora kwishyurwa cyane no kuzunguruka mbere yuko bahagarika akazi.
Batteri Chen na bagenzi be bateje imbere ni ubukonje kandi bwihanganira ubushyuhe bitewe na electrolyte yabo.Ikozwe mumuti wamazi wa dibutyl ether ivanze numunyu wa lithium.Ikintu kidasanzwe kijyanye na dibutyl ether nuko molekile zayo zihuza intege na lithium ion.Muyandi magambo, molekile ya electrolyte irashobora kureka byoroshye ion ya lithium mugihe bateri ikora.Iyi mikoranire idahwitse, abashakashatsi bavumbuye mubushakashatsi bwabanje, itezimbere imikorere ya bateri ku bushyuhe bwa zeru.Byongeye, dibutyl ether irashobora gufata ubushyuhe byoroshye kuko igumana amazi mubushyuhe bwinshi (ifite aho itetse 141 C, cyangwa 286 F).
Gutunganya imiti ya lithium-sulfure
Ikidasanzwe kandi kuri iyi electrolyte ni uko ihujwe na batiri ya lithium-sulfure, ikaba ari ubwoko bwa bateri ishobora kwishyurwa ifite anode ikozwe mu cyuma cya lithium na cathode ikozwe muri sulfure.Batteri ya Litiyumu-sulfure nigice cyingenzi cya tekinoroji ya batiri izakurikiraho kuko isezeranya ingufu nyinshi nigiciro gito.Bashobora kubika ingufu zigera kuri ebyiri kuri kilo kurusha bateri ya lithium-ion yuyu munsi - ibi birashobora gukuba kabiri ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nta kongera uburemere bwibipaki ya batiri.Nanone, sulfure ni nyinshi kandi ntigutera ikibazo kuruta isoko ya cobalt ikoreshwa muri cathodes ya litiro-ion gakondo.
Ariko hariho ibibazo bya bateri ya lithium-sulfure.Cathode na anode byombi birakomeye.Cathodes ya sufuru irakora cyane kuburyo ishonga mugihe cya bateri.Iki kibazo kirakomera mubushyuhe bwinshi.Kandi lithium yicyuma anode ikunda gukora inshinge zimeze nkurushinge rwitwa dendrite zishobora gutobora ibice bya bateri, bigatuma bigera kumurongo muto.Nkigisubizo, bateri ya lithium-sulfure imara kugeza kumirongo icumi.
Chen yagize ati: "Niba ushaka bateri ifite ingufu nyinshi, mubisanzwe ugomba gukoresha chimie ikaze kandi igoye."Ati: “Ingufu nyinshi bivuze ko abantu benshi bitabira ibintu, bivuze ko umutekano muke, guteshwa agaciro.Gukora bateri ifite ingufu nyinshi zihamye ni umurimo utoroshye - kugerageza kubikora ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwinshi biragoye kurushaho. ”
Dibutyl ether electrolyte yakozwe nitsinda rya UC San Diego irinda ibyo bibazo, ndetse no mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi buke.Batteri bapimye zifite ubuzima burebure bwamagare kurenza bateri isanzwe ya lithium-sulfure.Chen yagize ati: "Electrolyte yacu ifasha kuzamura impande zombi za cathode no kuruhande rwa anode mugihe zitanga imiyoboro ihanitse kandi ihagaze neza".
Iri tsinda kandi ryashizeho cathode ya sulfuru kugira ngo irusheho gushikama mu kuyihuza na polymer.Ibi birinda sulfure nyinshi gushonga muri electrolyte.
Intambwe ikurikiraho irimo gupima chimie ya bateri, kuyitunganya kugirango ikore ndetse nubushyuhe bwo hejuru ndetse no kongera ubuzima bwinzira.
Impapuro: “Ibipimo byo guhitamo ibisubizo kuri bateri ya lithium-sulfure idashobora kwihanganira.”Abanditsi hamwe barimo Guorui Cai, John Holoubek, Mingqian Li, Hongpeng Gao, Yijie Yin, Sicen Yu, Haodong Liu, Tod A. Pascal na Ping Liu, bose muri UC San Diego.
Uyu murimo washyigikiwe n’inkunga y’ishami ryambere ry’umwuga ryatanzwe na NASA ishinzwe gahunda y’ubushakashatsi bw’ikoranabuhanga mu kirere (ECF 80NSSC18K1512), Fondasiyo y’ubumenyi y’igihugu binyuze muri UC San Diego ibikoresho by’ubushakashatsi n’ubuhanga (MRSEC, inkunga DMR-2011924), hamwe n’ibiro bya Ikoranabuhanga mu binyabiziga muri Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika binyuze muri Porogaramu ishinzwe Ubushakashatsi bwa Bateri Yambere (Battery500 Consortium, amasezerano DE-EE0007764).Uyu murimo wakorewe igice cyibikorwa remezo bya San Diego Nanotehnologiya (SDNI) muri UC San Diego, umunyamuryango w’ibikorwa remezo bihuriweho na Nanotehnologiya, uterwa inkunga na Fondasiyo y’ubumenyi (inkunga ECCS-1542148).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-10-2022