Chii chinonzi lithium mabhatiri uye anoshanda sei?

Chii chinonzi lithium ion mabhatiri, anogadzirwa nei uye ndeapi mabhenefiti achienzaniswa nemamwe matekinoroji ekuchengetedza bhatiri?

Yakatanga kutaurwa mu1970s uye yakabudiswa kutengeswa naSony muna 1991, mabhatiri e lithium ave kushandiswa munharembozha, ndege nemotokari.Kunyangwe zvakati wandei zvakavatungamira mukuwedzera kubudirira muindasitiri yemagetsi, mabhatiri e lithium ion ane zvimwe zvinokanganisa uye inyaya inoita hurukuro yakawanda.

Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi lithium mabhatiri uye anoshanda sei?

Chii chinonzi lithium mabhatiri akagadzirwa?

Lithium bhatiri inoumbwa nezvikamu zvina zvakakosha.Iyo ine cathode, iyo inosarudza huwandu uye voltage yebhatiri uye ndiyo inobva kune lithium ions.Iyo anode inogonesa magetsi kuyerera kuburikidza nekunze dunhu uye kana bhatiri rachajwa, lithium ions inochengetwa muanode.

Iyo electrolyte inoumbwa nemunyu, zvinonyungudutsa uye zvinowedzera, uye inoshanda senzira ye lithium ions pakati pe cathode uye anode.Pakupedzisira kune mupatsanuri, chipingamupinyi chemuviri chinochengeta cathode uye anode zvakaparadzana.

Zvakanakira uye zvakashata zve lithium mabhatiri

Lithium mabhatiri ane simba rakanyanya kusimba kupfuura mamwe mabhatiri.Vanokwanisa kuva ne150 watt-hours (WH) yesimba pakirogiramu (kg), zvichienzaniswa nemabhatiri enickel-metal hydride ari pa60-70WH/kg nemalead acid ari pa25WH/kg.

Ivo zvakare vane mwero wakaderera wekuburitsa pane vamwe, vachirasikirwa ne5% yechaji yavo mumwedzi zvichienzaniswa nenickel-cadmium (NiMH) mabhatiri anorasikirwa ne20% mumwedzi.

Nekudaro, mabhatiri e-lithium anewo electrolyte inobvira inogona kukonzera moto webhatiri.Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera kupisa kwakashata kweSamsung Note 7 smartphone, izvo zvakamanikidza Samsung kurasa kugadzira uye.kurasikirwa ne $26bn mumutengo wemusika.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti izvi hazvina kuitika kune yakakura mabhatiri e lithium.

Lithium-ion mabhatiri zvakare anodhura kugadzira, sezvo achigona kudhura 40% yakawanda kugadzira kupfuura nickel-cadmium mabhatiri.

Competitors

Lithium-ion inotarisana nemakwikwi kubva kune akati wandei mamwe mabhatiri tekinoroji, mazhinji acho ari mudanho rekusimudzira.Imwe nzira yakadaro mabhatiri ane simba remvura yemunyu.

Pasi pekuvandudzwa neAquion Energy, inoumbwa nemvura yemunyu, manganese oxide nekotoni kuti igadzire chimwe chinhu chinogadzirwa uchishandisa 'zvakawanda, zvinhu zvisingadhuri uye nzira dzemazuva ano dzekugadzira.'Nekuda kweizvi, ndiwo ega mabhatiri munyika ane certified-to-cradle certified.

Sezvinoita tekinoroji yeAquion, 'Blue Battery' yeAquaBattery inoshandisa musanganiswa wemunyu nemvura inoyerera ichiyerera nemumamembrane kuchengetedza simba.Dzimwe mhando dzebhatiri dzinosanganisira Bristol Robotics Laboratory's urine-powered mabhatiri uye University of California Riverside's lithium ion bhatiri inoshandisa jecha kwete graphite yeanode, inotungamira kune bhatiri rine simba rakapetwa katatu kupfuura chiyero cheindasitiri.