Ipakethi yebhetri inokusekwa ngokudibanisa iibhetri ezininzi ze-lithium kuthotho, ezingenako ukubonelela kuphela amandla kwimithwalo eyahlukeneyo, kodwa inokuhlawuliswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngeshaja ehambelanayo.Iibhetri zeLithium azifuni nayiphi na inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri (BMS) ukuba itshaje kwaye ikhuphe.Ke kutheni zonke iibhetri ze-lithium kwimarike zongezwa nge-BMS?Impendulo lukhuseleko kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.
Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri iBMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBattery) isetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni nokulawula ukutshajiswa nokukhutshwa kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa.Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ye-lithium ye-BMS kukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ihlala ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kunye nokuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba nayiphi na ibhetri enye iqala ukudlula umda.Ukuba i-BMS ibona ukuba i-voltage iphantsi kakhulu, iya kukhupha umthwalo, kwaye ukuba i-voltage iphezulu kakhulu, qhawula ishaja.Iya kujonga kwakhona ukuba iseli nganye ekwipakethi inomthamo ofanayo wombane kwaye iwise naziphi na eziphakamileyo kunezinye iiseli.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ayifikeleli ngokuyingozi kumandla ombane aphezulu okanye aphantsi – nto leyo edla ngokuba ngunobangela wokutsha kwebhetri yelithium esiyibona ezindabeni.Iyakwazi nokubeka iliso kubushushu bebhetri kwaye ikhuphe ipakethi yebhetri ngaphambi kokuba ishushu kakhulu kwaye ibambe umlilo.Ke, inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri yeBMS kukugcina ibhetri ikhuselekile kunokuthembela kwitshaja elungileyo okanye isenzo esichanekileyo somsebenzisi.
Kutheni iibhetri ze-lead-acid (AGM, iibhetri zegel, umjikelo onzulu, njl.) zifuna inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri?Amalungu eebhetri ze-lead-asidi azikwazi ukutsha kwaye zinqabile kakhulu ukuba zibambe umlilo ukuba kukho ingxaki yokutshaja okanye ukukhupha.Kodwa esona sizathu siphambili sinento yokwenza nokuziphatha xa ibhetri ihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo.Iibhetri ze-lead-acid nazo zenziwe ngeeseli ezidityaniswe kuthotho;ukuba iseli enye ihlawuliswa kancinci kunezinye iiseli, iya kuvumela kuphela okwangoku ukuba idlule de ezinye iiseli zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa zigcina i-voltage efanelekileyo ngokwayo, njl njl. Iibhetri zibamba.Ngale ndlela, ibhetri ye-lead-asidi "i-self-balances" njengoko ihlawulisa.
Iibhetri zeLithium zahlukile.I-electrode entle yebhetri ye-lithium etshajwayo ininzi i-lithium ion imathiriyeli.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza umisela ukuba ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, ii-electron ze-lithium ziya kugijima kumacala omabini e-electrode ephilileyo kunye nembi ngokuphindaphindiweyo.Ukuba i-voltage yeseli enye ivunyelwe ukuba ibe phezulu kune-4.25v (ngaphandle kweebhetri ze-lithium eziphezulu zombane), isakhiwo se-anode microporous sinokuwa, izinto ezilukhuni zekristallini zingakhula kwaye zibangele isiphaluka esifutshane, kwaye ke ukushisa kuya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza. , oya kuthi ekugqibeleni ukhokelele emlilweni.Xa iseli ye-lithium ihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo, i-voltage iphakama ngokukhawuleza kwaye inokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kumanqanaba ayingozi.Ukuba i-voltage yeseli kwipakethi yebhetri iphezulu kunezinye iiseli, le seli iya kuqala ukufikelela kumbane oyingozi ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, kwaye umbane opheleleyo wepakethi yebhetri awukafiki kwixabiso elipheleleyo ngeli xesha, itshaja iya kufikelela kwixabiso elipheleleyo. ungayeki ukubiza .Ke ngoko, iseli yokuqala yokufikelela kumbane oyingozi ibeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko.Ke ngoko, ukulawula kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-voltage iyonke ye-pack yebhetri ayanele kwi-lithium-based chemistries, i-voltage yeseli nganye eyenza ibhetri kufuneka ihlolwe yi-BMS.
Ngengqiqo emxinwa, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ye-BMS isetyenziselwa ukukhuselwa kweebhetri ezinkulu.Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweebhetri zamandla e-lithium iron phosphate, ezinemisebenzi yokukhusela efana nokugqithiswa, ukukhutshwa, ukugqithiswa, ukujikeleza okufutshane, kunye nebhalansi yeseli.Amazibuko onxibelelwano, igalelo ledatha kunye neenketho zemveliso kunye neminye imisebenzi yokubonisa iyafuneka.Umzekelo, ujongano lonxibelelwano lwe-BMS ye-Xinya yobuchwephesha ilolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Ngomqondo obanzi, iBhodi yeSekethe yokuKhusela (PCB), ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-PCM (iModyuli yoKhuselo lweSekethe), yinkqubo yokulawula ibhetri elula ye-BMS.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iipakethi zebhetri ezincinci.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iibhetri zedijithali, ezifana neebhetri zefowuni, iibhetri zekhamera, iibhetri ze-GPS, iibhetri zeempahla zokufudumeza, njl njl. Amaxesha amaninzi, isetyenziselwa i-3.7V okanye i-7.4V ibhetri yepakethe, kwaye inemisebenzi emine esisiseko yokuhlawula ngaphezulu, ukukhutshwa ngokugqithisileyo, i-overcurrent, kunye nesekethe emfutshane.Ezinye iibhetri zinokufuna i-PTC ne-NTC.
Ngoko ke, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nobomi benkonzo ende yeepakethi zebhetri ye-lithium, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ye-BMS enomgangatho othembekileyo iyafuneka ngokwenene.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-31-2022