Ibhetri yelanga inokuba yongezelelo olubalulekileyo kwinkqubo yakho yamandla elanga.Ikunceda ukuba ugcine umbane ogqithisileyo onokuwusebenzisa xa iiphaneli zakho zelanga zingavezi amandla aneleyo, kwaye ikunika iindlela ezingakumbi zokusebenzisa ikhaya lakho.
Ukuba ukhangela impendulo, "Zisebenza njani iibhetri zelanga?", Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ukuba yintoni ibhetri yelanga, isayensi yebhetri yelanga, indlela iibhetri zelanga ezisebenza ngayo kunye nenkqubo yamandla elanga, kunye neenzuzo ezipheleleyo zokusebenzisa i-solar. ugcino lwebhetri.
Yintoni ibhetri yeSolar?
Masiqale ngempendulo elula kumbuzo othi, "Yintoni ibhetri yelanga?":
Ibhetri yelanga sisixhobo onokuthi usifake kwisixokelelwano sakho samandla elanga ukugcina umbane ogqithisileyo oveliswa ziipaneli zakho zelanga.
Unokusebenzisa la mandla agciniweyo ukunika amandla ikhaya lakho ngamaxesha apho iiphaneli zelanga zakho zingavelisi mbane waneleyo, kubandakanya ubusuku, iintsuku ezinamafu, kunye naxa kucinywa umbane.
Inqaku lebhetri yelanga kukukunceda ukuba usebenzise ngakumbi amandla elanga owenzayo.Ukuba awunayo indawo yokugcina ibhetri, nawuphi na umbane ogqithisileyo ovela kumandla elanga uya kwigridi, oko kuthetha ukuba uvelisa amandla kwaye unikezela kwabanye abantu ngaphandle kokuthatha ithuba elipheleleyo lombane owenziwe ngamaphaneli akho kuqala.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, khangela yethuIsikhokelo sebhetri yeSolar: Izibonelelo, Iimpawu, kunye neendleko
Inzululwazi yeebhetri zeSolar
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion yeyona ndlela idumileyo yeebhetri zelanga okwangoku ezithengiswayo.Le yitekhnoloji efanayo esetyenziselwa ii-smartphones kunye nezinye iibhetri ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zisebenza ngokusabela kweekhemikhali ezigcina amandla ekhemikhali phambi kokuba ziwaguqulele kumandla ombane.Ukusabela kwenzeka xa ii-ion ze-lithium zikhulula ii-electron zamahhala, kwaye ezo electron zihamba zisuka kwi-anode ehlawuliswa kakubi ukuya kwi-cathode efanelekileyo.
Le ntshukumo iyakhuthazwa kwaye iphuculwe yi-electrolyte ye-lithium-yetyuwa, ulwelo olungaphakathi kwebhetri olulungelelanisa ukusabela ngokubonelela ngee-ion eziyimfuneko.Oku kuhamba kwee-electron zamahhala kudala imfuneko yangoku ukuze abantu basebenzise umbane.
Xa utsala umbane kwibhetri, ii-ion ze-lithium zibuyela umva kwi-electrolyte ukuya kwi-electrode efanelekileyo.Kwangaxeshanye, ii-electron zihamba ukusuka kwi-electrode engalunganga ukuya kwi-electrode evumayo ngesekethe yangaphandle, inika amandla isixhobo esiplagiweyo.
Iibhetri zasekhaya zokugcina amandla elanga zidibanisa iiseli ezininzi zeebhetri ze-ion kunye ne-electronics eyinkimbinkimbi elawula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yonke yebhetri yelanga.Ngaloo ndlela, iibhetri zelanga zisebenza njengeebhetri ezitshajwayo ezisebenzisa amandla elanga njengegalelo lokuqala eliqalisa yonke inkqubo yokudala umbane.
Ukuthelekisa iiTekhnoloji zokuGcina iBattery
Xa kuziwa kwiintlobo zebhetri zelanga, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziqhelekileyo: i-lithium-ion kunye ne-lead-acid.Iinkampani zepaneli zelanga zikhetha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kuba ziyakwazi ukugcina amandla amaninzi, zibambe loo mandla ixesha elide kunezinye iibhetri, kwaye zibe nobunzulu obuphezulu bokukhupha.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-DoD, ubunzulu bokukhutshwa yipesenti apho ibhetri ingasetyenziselwa khona, ehambelana nomthamo wayo opheleleyo.Umzekelo, ukuba ibhetri ine-DoD yama-95%, inokusebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-95% yomthamo webhetri phambi kokuba itshajwe kwakhona.
Ibhetri yeLithium-Ion
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, abavelisi beebhetri bakhetha iteknoloji yebhetri ye-lithium-ion kwi-DoD yayo ephezulu, ubomi obuthembekileyo, ukukwazi ukubamba amandla amaninzi ixesha elide, kunye nobukhulu obuncinci.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezi zibonelelo zininzi, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion nazo zibiza kakhulu xa zithelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-acid.
Ibhetri yeLead-Acid
Iibhetri ze-lead-acid (ubuchwepheshe obufanayo njengeebhetri ezininzi zemoto) sele zikho iminyaka, kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengeenkqubo zokugcina amandla asekhaya kwiinketho zamandla angaphandle kwegridi.Ngelixa besesemakethe ngamaxabiso alungele ipokotho, ukuthandwa kwabo kuyaphela ngenxa ye-DoD ephantsi kunye nobomi obufutshane.
Ugcino oluDityanisiweyo lwe-AC vs. Ugcino oluDityanisiweyo lweDC
Ukudityaniswa kubhekiselele kwindlela iiphaneli zakho zelanga ezitsalwa ngayo kwiintambo zakho kwisixokelelwano sakho sokugcina ibhetri, kwaye ukhetho luseludibaneni oluthe ngqo lwangoku (DC) okanye ukudibanisa kwangoku (AC).Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zibini zilele kwindlela ethathwe ngumbane owenziwe ngamapaneli elanga.
Iiseli zelanga zenza umbane we-DC, kwaye umbane we-DC kufuneka uguqulwe ube ngumbane we-AC phambi kokuba usetyenziswe likhaya lakho.Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri zelanga zinokugcina kuphela umbane we-DC, ngoko ke kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqhagamshela ibhetri yelanga kwisixokelelwano sakho samandla elanga.
Ugcino oluDityanisiweyo lweDC
Ngokudibanisa kwe-DC, umbane we-DC owenziwe ngeepaneli zelanga uqukuqela kwisilawuli sentlawulo emva koko ngqo kwibhetri yelanga.Akukho tshintsho lwangoku phambi kokugcinwa, kwaye ukuguqulwa ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kwi-AC kwenzeka kuphela xa ibhetri ithumela umbane kwikhaya lakho, okanye ibuyele kwigridi.
Ibhetri yokugcina edityanisiweyo ye-DC isebenze ngakumbi, kuba umbane ufuna ukutshintsha ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kwi-AC kanye.Nangona kunjalo, ugcino oludityaniswe ne-DC ludla ngokufuna ufakelo oluntsonkothileyo, olunokunyusa ixabiso lokuqala kwaye lwandise ixesha lofakelo jikelele.
Ugcino oluDityanisiweyo lwe-AC
Ngokudityaniswa kwe-AC, umbane we-DC oveliswa ziiphaneli zakho zelanga udlula kwi-inverter kuqala ukuze uguqulwe ube ngumbane we-AC ukuze usetyenziswe yonke imihla zizixhobo zombane ekhayeni lakho.Loo AC yangoku inokuthunyelwa kwi-inverter eyahlukileyo ukuze iguqulwe ibuyele kwi-DC yangoku ukuze igcinwe kwibhetri yelanga.Xa ilixesha lokusebenzisa amandla agciniweyo, umbane uyaphuma ebhetrini ubuyele kwi-inverter ukuze uguqulwe ube ngumbane we-AC wekhaya lakho.
Ngokugcinwa okudityanisiweyo kwe-AC, umbane ujikwa amaxesha amathathu ahlukeneyo: kanye xa uphuma kwiipaneli zakho zelanga ukuya endlwini, elinye xa uphuma ekhaya ukuya kwindawo yokugcina ibhetri, kwaye okwesithathu xa uphuma kwindawo yokugcina ibhetri ubuyela endlwini.Uguqulo ngalunye lukhokelela kwilahleko esebenzayo, ke ngoko ugcino oludityanisiweyo lwe-AC lusebenza kancinci kunenkqubo edityanisiweyo ye-DC.
Ngokungafaniyo nogcino oludityanisiweyo lwe-DC olugcina kuphela amandla kwiiphaneli zelanga, enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu ze-AC edityanisiweyo yokugcina kukuba inokugcina amandla avela kuzo zombini iiphaneli zelanga kunye negridi.Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba iiphaneli zakho zelanga azivelisi mbane waneleyo wokutshaja ibhetri yakho ngokupheleleyo, usenako ukuzalisa ibhetri ngombane osuka kwigridi ukukunika amandla okugcina, okanye uthathe ithuba lokufumana i-arbitrage yezinga lombane.
Kwakhona kulula ukuhlaziya inkqubo yakho yamandla elanga ekhoyo kunye nokugcinwa kwebhetri okudityanisiweyo nge-AC, kuba inokongezwa nje phezu koyilo lwenkqubo esele ikho, endaweni yokufuna ukuhlanganiswa kuyo.Oku kwenza ugcino lwebhetri oludityanisiweyo lwe-AC lube lukhetho oludumileyo lofakelo lokubuyisela kwakhona.
Indlela iibhetri zeSolar ezisebenza ngayo kunye neNkqubo yaMandla eSolar
yonke inkqubo iqala ngeepaneli zelanga kuphahla oluvelisa amandla.Nalu ucazululo lwenyathelo ngenyathelo lokwenzeka kwenkqubo edityanisiweyo ye-DC:
1. Ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iipaneli zelanga kwaye amandla aguqulwa abe ngumbane weDC.
2. Umbane ungena ebhetrini kwaye ugcinwe njengombane weDC.
3. Umbane we-DC emva koko uyishiya ibhetri kwaye ungene kwi-inverter ukuze uguqulwe ube ngumbane we-AC onokusetyenziswa likhaya.
Inkqubo yahluke kancinane ngenkqubo edityanisiweyo ye-AC.
1. Ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iipaneli zelanga kwaye amandla aguqulwa abe ngumbane weDC.
2. Umbane ungena kwi-inverter ukuze uguqulwe ube ngumbane we-AC ikhaya elingawusebenzisa.
3. Umbane ogqithileyo emva koko uqukuqela kwenye inverter ukuze utshintshe ubuyele kumbane weDC onokugcinelwa kamva.
4. Ukuba indlu ifuna ukusebenzisa amandla agcinwe ebhetrini, loo mbane kufuneka uhambe kwi-inverter kwakhona ukuze ube ngumbane we-AC.
Indlela iibhetri zeSola eziSebenza ngayo ngeHybrid Inverter
Ukuba une-hybrid inverter, isixhobo esinye sinokuguqula umbane we-DC ube ngumbane we-AC kwaye unokuguqula umbane we-AC ube ngumbane we-DC.Ngenxa yoko, awudingi ii-inverters ezimbini kwinkqubo yakho ye-photovoltaic (PV): enye yokuguqula umbane kwiipaneli zakho zelanga (i-solar inverter) kunye nomnye ukuguqula umbane kwibhetri yelanga (inverter yebhetri).
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-inverter esekwe ebhetri okanye i-hybrid grid-eboshwe inverter, inverter ye-hybrid idibanisa i-inverter yebhetri kunye ne-solar inverter ibe yinto enye yesixhobo.Iphelisa imfuneko yokuba nee-inverter ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kwiseti efanayo ngokusebenza njenge-inverter kuwo omabini umbane osuka kwibhetri yakho yelanga kunye nombane osuka kwiiphaneli zakho zelanga.
Ii-inverters ze-Hybrid zikhula ekuthandeni ngenxa yokuba zisebenza kunye nangaphandle kokugcinwa kwebhetri.Unokufaka i-inverter ye-hybrid kwinkqubo yakho yamandla elanga engaphantsi kwebhetri ngexesha lofakelo lokuqala, ikunika ithuba lokongeza ukugcinwa kwamandla elanga ezantsi kumgca.
Izibonelelo zokuGcina ibhetri yeSolar
Ukongeza i-backup yebhetri yeepaneli zelanga yindlela entle yokuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana okuninzi kwinkqubo yakho yamandla elanga.Nazi ezinye zeenzuzo eziphambili zenkqubo yokugcina ibhetri yelanga yasekhaya:
Iivenkile zokuVeliswa koMbane oMbi
Isixokelelwano sakho sephaneli yelanga sihlala sivelisa amandla angaphezu kwawafunayo, ngakumbi ngeentsuku ezinelanga xa kungekho mntu ekhaya.Ukuba awunayo indawo yokugcina ibhetri yamandla elanga, amandla awongezelelweyo aya kuthunyelwa kwigridi.Ukuba uthatha inxaxheba kuinkqubo yemitha yombane, ungafumana ikhredithi kweso sizukulwana songezelelweyo, kodwa idla ngokuba ayingomlinganiselo we-1: 1 wombane owuvelisayo.
Ngokugcina ibhetri, umbane owongezelelweyo uhlawulisa ibhetri yakho ukuze uyisebenzise kamva, endaweni yokuya kwigridi.Ungasebenzisa amandla agciniweyo ngamaxesha emveliso esezantsi, nto leyo enciphisa ukuthembela kwakho kwigridi yombane.
Ibonelela ngoNcedo kuMbane woMbane
Ekubeni iibhetri zakho zinokugcina amandla agqithisileyo adalwe ngamapaneli akho elanga, ikhaya lakho liya kuba nombane ofumanekayo ngexesha lokuphela kombane kunye namanye amaxesha xa igridi ihla.
Yehlisa iCarbon Footprint yakho
Ngokugcinwa kwebhetri yepaneli yelanga, unokuhamba eluhlaza ngokwenza uninzi lwamandla acocekileyo aveliswa yinkqubo yakho yephaneli yelanga.Ukuba loo mandla akagcinwanga, uya kuxhomekeka kwigridi xa iiphaneli zakho zelanga zingavelisi ngokwaneleyo iimfuno zakho.Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lombane wegridi uveliswa kusetyenziswa i-fossil fuels, ngoko uya kuba ubaleka kumandla amdaka xa utsala kwigridi.
Ibonelela ngoMbane nasemva kokuba ilanga litshona
Xa ilanga litshona kwaye iipaneli zelanga zingavelisi umbane, igridi ithatha amanyathelo okubonelela ngamandla afunekayo ukuba awunayo nayiphi na ibhetri yokugcina.Ngebhetri yelanga, uya kusebenzisa ngakumbi umbane wakho welanga ebusuku, ukunika amandla angakumbi okuzimela kwaye kukunceda ugcine ityala lakho lombane lisezantsi.
Isisombululo esiThulekileyo kwiiMfuno zeBackup Power
Ibhetri yamandla elanga yi-100% yokugcina amandla okugcina amandla angenangxolo.Ufumana ukuzuza kulondolozo lwasimahla lwamandla acocekileyo, kwaye akufuneki ujongane nengxolo evela kwijenereyitha egcina amandla egesi.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
Ukuqonda ukuba isebenza njani ibhetri yelanga kubalulekile ukuba ucinga ngokungongeza ugcino lwamandla elanga kwisixokelelwano sakho samandla elanga.Kuba isebenza njengebhetri enkulu etshajwayo kwikhaya lakho, unokuthatha ithuba lawo nawaphi na amandla elanga agqithisileyo enziwe ziipaneli zakho zelanga, ikunika ulawulo olungakumbi malunga nokuba uwasebenzisa nini kwaye njani amandla elanga.
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion lolona hlobo ludumileyo lwebhetri yelanga, kwaye zisebenza ngokusabela kwemichiza egcina amandla, ize iwakhuphe njengamandla ombane ukuze asetyenziswe ekhayeni lakho.Nokuba ukhetha i-DC-ezidibeneyo, i-AC-edibeneyo, okanye inkqubo ye-hybrid, unokwandisa imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali lwenkqubo yakho yamandla elanga ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwigridi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-09-2022