Isistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya, eyaziwa nangokuthi isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri, umgogodla wayo ibhethri yokugcina amandla eshajwayo, ngokuvamile esekelwe kubhethri ye-lithium-ion noma i-lead-acid, elawulwa yikhompyutha, ukushaja nokukhipha ngaphansi kokuxhumana kwezinye izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezihlakaniphile kanye nomjikelezo wesofthiwe.Amasistimu okugcina amandla asekhaya ngokuvamile angahlanganiswa nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-photovoltaic asabalalisiwe ukuze akhe izinhlelo zokugcina ilanga lasekhaya, futhi umthamo ofakiwe ubhekana nokukhula okusheshayo.
Isitayela sokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokugcina amandla ekhaya
Imishini yehadiwe eyinhloko yesistimu yokugcina amandla ekhaya ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemikhiqizo: amabhethri nama-inverters.Ngokombono womsebenzisi, isistimu yokugcina ilanga yasendlini inganciphisa isikweletu sikagesi kuyilapho isusa umthelela omubi wokunqamuka kukagesi empilweni evamile;ngokombono wohlangothi lwegridi, amadivaysi okugcina amandla asendlini asekela ukuhlela okuhlangene angadambisa ukushoda kwamandla phakathi namahora aphakeme futhi anikeze Igridi inikeza ukulungiswa kwemvamisa.
Ngokombono wamathrendi ebhethri, amabhethri okugcina amandla athuthukela kumandla aphezulu.Ngokukhula kokusetshenziswa kukagesi kwezakhamuzi, umthamo wokushaja womuzi ngamunye ukhula kancane kancane, futhi ibhethri ingabona ukunwetshwa kwesistimu ngokusebenzisa i-modularization, futhi amabhethri anamandla amakhulu asephenduke inkambiso.
Ngokombono wamathrendi e-inverter, isidingo sama-inverter ayi-hybrid afanele izimakethe ezikhulayo kanye nama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi angadingi ukuxhunywa kugridi sinyukile.
Ngokombono wamathrendi womkhiqizo wokugcina, uhlobo lokuhlukaniswa okwamanje luwuhlobo oluyinhloko, okungukuthi, ibhethri nesistimu ye-inverter isetshenziswa ndawonye, futhi ukulandelwa kuzothuthuka kancane kancane kube umshini ohlanganisiwe.
Ngokombono wamathrendi emakethe yesifunda, umehluko wezakhiwo zegridi nezimakethe zamandla kubangela umehluko omncane emikhiqizweni evamile ezifundeni ezahlukene.Imodeli yaseYurophu exhunywe kugridi iyona eyinhloko, i-United States inamamodeli amaningi axhumeke kugridi nangaphandle kwegridi, futhi i-Australia ihlola imodeli yesikhungo samandla esibonakalayo.
Kungani imakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle yokugcina amandla ekhaya iqhubeka nokukhula?
Uzuza ekushayeleni kwamasondo amabili wokungena okusabalalisiwe kwe-photovoltaic nokugcinwa kwamandla, isitoreji samandla sasekhaya saphesheya sikhula ngokushesha.
Ukushintsha kwamandla ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle sekuseduze, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwama-photovoltaics asabalalisiwe kudlule okulindelekile.Mayelana nomthamo ofakiwe we-photovoltaic, i-Europe incike kakhulu emandleni angaphandle, futhi izingxabano zendawo zendawo ziye zandisa inkinga yamandla.Amazwe aseYurophu aphakamise lokho akulindele kumthamo ofakiwe we-photovoltaic.Mayelana nezinga lokungena kokugcinwa kwamandla, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kagesi kuholele emananini aphezulu kagesi kubahlali, okuthuthukise umnotho wokugcinwa kwamandla.Amazwe ethule izinqubomgomo zoxhaso ukuze kukhuthazwe ukufakwa kwesitoreji samandla sasendlini.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zaphesheya nendawo yemakethe
I-United States, i-Europe, ne-Australia njengamanje izimakethe eziyinhloko zokugcina amandla asendlini.Ngokombono wendawo yemakethe, kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-58GWh womthamo omusha ofakiwe uzokwengezwa emhlabeni wonke ngo-2025. Ngo-2015, umthamo osanda kufakwa wonyaka wokugcina amandla wasendlini emhlabeni wonke wawungaba ngu-200MW kuphela.Kusukela ngo-2017, ukukhula komthamo ofakiwe emhlabeni wonke kuye kwaba sobala, futhi ukwanda konyaka komthamo osanda kufakwa kuye kwanda kakhulu.Ngo-2020, umthamo osanda kufakwa emhlabeni wonke uzofinyelela ku-1.2GW, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-30%.
Silinganisela ukuthi, uma sicabanga ukuthi izinga lokungena kokugcinwa kwamandla emakethe ye-photovoltaic esanda kufakwa liyi-15% ngo-2025, futhi izinga lokungena kokugcinwa kwamandla emakethe yamasheya li-2%, indawo yokugcina amandla yasendlini emhlabeni wonke izofinyelela ku-25.45GW. /58.26GWh, futhi izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lamandla afakiwe ngo-2021-2025 lizoba ngu-58%.
I-Europe kanye ne-United States izimakethe ezinamandla amakhulu okukhula emhlabeni.Ngokombono wokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ngokwezibalo ze-IHS Markit, ukuthunyelwa okusha komhlaba wonke kwesitoreji samandla sasekhaya ngo-2020 kuzoba ngu-4.44GWh, okuwukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngama-44.2%.3/4.Emakethe yaseYurophu, imakethe yaseJalimane ithuthuka ngokushesha kakhulu.Ukuthunyelwa kweJalimane kweqe ku-1.1GWh, ikleliswe kuqala emhlabeni, kanti i-United States iphinde yathumela ngaphezu kuka-1GWh, ikleliswe endaweni yesibili.Ukuthunyelwa kweJapan ngo-2020 kuzoba cishe ku-800MWh, ukudlula kude amanye amazwe.ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2022